Documentation:Reference Table of Contents

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Main Table of Contents

POV-Ray Tutorial

Command-line Options

• Animation Options

• External Animation Loop
• Internal Animation Loop
• Subsets of Animation Frames
• Cyclic Animation
• Field Renderings

• General Output Options

• Height and Width of Output
• Max Image Buffer Memory
• Partial Output Options
• Interrupting Options
• Resuming Options

• Display Output Options

• Display Hardware Settings
• Setting your Display Gamma
• Display Related Settings
• Mosaic Preview

• File Output Options

• Output File Type
• Output File Name
• Output File Buffer
• Output File Dithering
• Output File Gamma
• CPU Utilization Histogram

• Scene Parsing Options

• Constant
• Include File Name
• Library Paths
• Language Version

• Shell Command Options

• String Substitution in Shell Commands
• Shell Command Sequencing
• Shell Command Return Actions

• Text Output Options

• Text Streams
• Console Text Output
• Directing Text Streams to Files
• Warning Levels
• Help Screen Switches

• Tracing Options

• Symmetric MultiProcessing
• Render Block Size

• Render Pattern
• Render Block Step

• Quality Settings
• Automatic Bounding Control
• Removing User Bounding
• BSP Bounding
• Anti-Aliasing Options
• Radiosity Options

• Radiosity High Reproducibility
• Radiosity Load and Save
• Radiosity Vain Pretrace

Scene Description Language

• Language Basics

• Notation and Basic Assumptions
• Keywords
• Identifiers
• Comments
• Numeric Expressions

• Literals
• Identifiers
• Operators
• Functions
• Built-in Constants
• Built-in Variables

• Vector Expressions

• Literals
• Identifiers
• Operators
• Operator Promotion
• Functions
• Built-in Constants
• Dot Item Access for Vectors

• Color Expressions

• Color Vectors
• sRGB Colors
• Color Keywords
• Color Identifiers
• Color Operators
• Dot Item Access for Colors
• Common Color Pitfalls

• Function

• Sum and Product functions
• Functions and Macros
• Declaring User-Defined Float Functions
• Declaring User-Defined Vector Functions
• Declaring User-Defined Color Functionss
• Internal Pre-Defined Functions

• Strings

• String Literals
• String Identifiers
• String Relational Operators
• String Functions
• Built-in Variables

• Array

• Declaring Arrays
• Array Initializers

• Spline

• Splines and Macros

• Transformations

• Translate
• Scale
• Rotate
• Matrix

• Language Directives

• Include Directive
• Declare and Local Directives

• Declaring identifiers
• declare vs. local
• Identifier Name Collisions
• Destroying Identifiers with undef
• Deprecation Support

• File I/O Directives

• The fopen Directive
• The fclose Directive
• The read Directive
• The write Directive

• Default Directive
• Version Directive
• Conditional Directives

• The if...else...end Directives
• The ifdef and ifndef Directives
• The for Directive
• The switch, case, range and break Directives
• The while...end Directive

• User Message Directives

• Text Message Streams
• Text Formatting

• User Defined Macros

• The macro Directive
• Invoking Macros
• Are POV-Ray Macros a Function or a Macro?
• Returning a Value Like a Function
• Returning Values Via Parameters
• Optional Parameters
• Macro Caching

Scene File Elements

• Global Settings

• ADC_Bailout
• Ambient_Light
• Assumed_Gamma
• HF_Gray_16
• Irid_Wavelength
• Charset
• Max_Trace_Level
• Max_Intersections
• Mm_Per_Unit
• Number_Of_Waves
• Noise_generator
• Subsurface

• Camera

• Placing the Camera

• Location and Look_At
• The Sky Vector
• Angles
• The Direction Vector
• Up and Right Vectors
• Aspect Ratio
• Handedness
• Transforming the Camera

• Types of Projection

• Perspective projection
• Orthographic projection
• Mesh projection

• Rays Per Pixel
• Distribution Type
• Max Distance
• Mesh Object
• About the Location Vector
• About the Direction Vector
• The Smooth Modifier

• Fisheye projection
• Ultra wide angle projection
• Omnimax projection
• Panoramic projection
• Cylindrical projection
• Spherical projection

• Focal Blur
• Camera Ray Perturbation
• Camera Identifiers

• Atmospheric Effects

• Atmospheric Media
• Background
• Fog
• Sky Sphere
• Rainbow

• Lighting Types

• Light Source

• Point Lights
• Spotlights
• Cylindrical Lights
• Parallel Lights
• Area Lights
• Shadowless Lights
• Looks Like
• Projected Through
• Light Fading
• Atmospheric Media Interaction
• Atmospheric Attenuation

• Light Group
• Radiosity

• Radiosity Basics
• How Radiosity Works
• Adjusting Radiosity

• adc_bailout
• always_sample
• brightness
• count
• error_bound
• gray_threshold
• low_error_factor
• max_sample
• maximum_reuse
• minimum_reuse
• nearest_count
• pretrace_start and pretrace_end
• recursion_limit

• Configuring Radiosity

• Importance
• Media and Radiosity
• No Radiosity
• Normal and Radiosity
• Save and Load Radiosity Data
• Subsurface and Radiosity

• Tips on Radiosity

• Photons

• Examples
• Using Photon Mapping in Your Scene
• Photon Global Settings
• Shooting Photons at an Object
• Photons and Light Sources
• Photons and Media
• Photons FAQ
• Photon Tips
• Advanced Techniques

• Autostop
• Adaptive Search Radius
• Photons and Dispersion
• Saving and Loading Photon Maps

• Object

• Finite Solid Primitives

• Blob
• Box
• Cone
• Cylinder
• Height Field
• Isosurface
• Julia Fractal
• Lathe
• Lemon
• Ovus
• Parametric
• Prism
• Sphere
• Sphere Sweep
• Superquadric Ellipsoid
• Surface of Revolution
• Text
• Torus

• Finite Patch Primitives

• Bicubic Patch
• Disc
• Mesh

• Solid Mesh
• Wavefront Import

• Mesh2

• Smooth and Flat triangles in the same mesh
• Mesh Triangle Textures

• Polygon
• Triangle
• Smooth Triangle

• Infinite Solid Primitives

• Plane
• Poly
• Cubic
• Quartic
• Polynomial
• Quadric

• Constructive Solid Geometry

• Inside and Outside
• Union

• Split Union

• Intersection
• Difference
• Merge

• Object Modifiers

• Clipped By Object Modifier
• Bounded By Object Modifier
• Material
• Hollow Object Modifier
• Inverse Object Modifier
• No Shadow Object Modifier
• No Image Object Modifier
• No Reflection Object Modifier
• Double Illuminate Object Modifier
• No Radiosity Object Modifier
• Sturm Object Modifier

• Texture

• Pigment

• Solid Color Pigments
• Color Map
• Pigment Map
• Color List Pigments
• Quick Color

• Normal

• Normal Map
• Slope Map

• Normals, Accuracy

• Bump Map

• Specifying a Bump Map
• Bump_Size
• Use_Index and Use_Color

• Scaling normals

• Finish

• Ambient
• Emission
• Diffuse Reflection Items

• Diffuse
• Brilliance
• Crand Graininess
• Subsurface Light Transport

• Highlights

• Phong Highlights
• Specular Highlight
• Metallic Highlight Modifier

• Specular Reflection
• Conserve Energy for Reflection
• Iridescence

• Halo
• Patterned Textures

• Texture Maps
• Tiles
• Material Maps

• Specifying a Material Map

• Layered Textures
• UV Mapping

• Supported Objects
• UV Vectors

• Triangle Texture Interpolation
• Interior Texture
• Cutaway Textures

• Pattern

• General Patterns

• Agate Pattern
• Boxed Pattern
• Bozo Pattern
• Brick Pattern
• Bumps Pattern
• Cubic Pattern
• Cylindrical Pattern
• Density File Pattern

• df3 file format

• Dents Pattern
• Facets Pattern
• Fractal Pattern
• Function Pattern

• What can be used
• Function Image

• Gradient Pattern
• Granite Pattern
• Leopard Pattern
• Marble Pattern
• Onion Pattern
• Pavement Pattern
• Pigment Pattern
• Planar Pattern
• Quilted Pattern
• Radial Pattern
• Ripples Pattern
• Spherical Pattern
• Spiral1 Pattern
• Spiral2 Pattern
• Spotted Pattern
• Tiling Pattern
• Waves Pattern
• Wood Pattern
• Wrinkles Pattern

• Discontinuous Patterns

• Cells Pattern
• Checker Pattern
• Crackle Pattern
• Hexagon Pattern
• Object Pattern
• Square Pattern
• Triangular Pattern

• Normal-Dependent Patterns

• Aoi Pattern
• Slope Pattern

• Special Patterns

• Average Pattern
• Image Pattern

• Pattern Modifiers

• Transforming Patterns
• Frequency and Phase
• Waveforms
• Noise Generators
• Warp

• Black Hole Warp
• Repeat Warp
• Turbulence Warp

• Octaves
• Lambda
• Omega

• Mapping using warps
• Turbulence versus Turbulence Warp

• Turbulence

• Image Map

• Specifying an Image Map
• The Gamma Option
• The Filter and Transmit Bitmap Modifiers
• Using the Alpha Channel

• Bitmap Modifiers

• The once Option
• The map_type Option
• The interpolate Option

• Media

• Interior

• Why are Interior and Media Necessary?
• Empty and Solid Objects
• Scaling objects with an interior
• Refraction
• Dispersion

• Dispersion & Caustics

• Attenuation
• Simulated Caustics
• Object Media

• Media Types

• Absorption
• Emission
• Scattering

• Sampling Parameters & Methods
• Density

• General Density Modifiers
• Density with color_map
• Density Maps and Density Lists
• Multiple Density vs. Multiple Media

• Include Files

• Main Files

• Arrays.inc
• Chars.inc
• Colors.inc

• Predefined colors
• Color macros

• Consts.inc

• Vector constants
• Map type constantss
• Interpolation type constants
• Fog type constants
• Focal blur hexgrid constants
• IORs
• Dispersion amounts
• Scattering media type constants

• Debug.inc
• Finish.inc
• Functions.inc

• Common Parameters

• Cross Section Type
• Field Strength
• Field Limit
• SOR Switch
• SOR Offset
• SOR Angle
• Invert Isosurface

• Internal Functions
• Pre defined functions

• Pattern functions

• Glass.inc

• Glass colors (with transparency)
• Glass colors (without transparency, for fade_color)
• Glass finishes
• Glass interiors
• Glass interior macros

• Golds.inc
• Logo.inc
• Makegrass.inc
• Math.inc

• Float functions and macros
• Vector functions and macros
• Vector Analysis

• Meshmaker.inc
• Metals.inc
• Rad_def.inc
• Rand.inc

• Flat Distributions
• Other Distributions

• Continuous Symmetric Distributions
• Continuous Skewed Distributions
• Discrete Distributions

• Screen.inc
• Shapes.inc

• The HF Macros

• Shapes2.inc
• Shapes3.inc
• Shapesq.inc
• Skies.inc
• Stars.inc
• Stones.inc
• Stdinc.inc
• Strings.inc
• Sunpos.inc
• Textures.inc

• Stones
• Skies
• Woods
• Glass
• Metals
• Special textures
• Texture and pattern macros

• Transforms.inc
• Woods.inc
• Woodmaps.inc

• Old Files

• Glass_old.inc

• Glass finishes
• Glass textures

• Shapes_old.inc
• Stage1.inc
• Stdcam.inc
• Stones1.inc
• Stones2.inc

• Other Files

• Font Files
• Color Map Files
• Image Files

Main Table of Contents

POV-Ray Tutorial

This document is protected, so submissions, corrections and discussions should be held on this documents talk page.