https://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&feed=atom&action=historyReference:Tracing Options - Revision history2024-03-29T11:29:49ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.35.1https://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=10301&oldid=prevJholsenback: technical correction2020-07-27T13:21:14Z<p>technical correction</p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><tr></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><tr></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td><code>+<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">MB</del></code>{{#indexentry:+mb}}</td></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td><code>+<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">B</ins></code>{{#indexentry:+mb}}</td></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td>Turn bounding on; Set threshold to 3 or previous amount</td></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td>Turn bounding on; Set threshold to 3 or previous amount</td></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td><code>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">MB</del></code>{{#indexentry:-mb}}</td></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td><code>-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">B</ins></code>{{#indexentry:-mb}}</td></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td>Turn bounding off</td></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td>Turn bounding off</td></div></td></tr>
</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9626&oldid=prevJholsenback: link addition2018-09-23T15:15:26Z<p>link addition</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:15, 23 September 2018</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Recommended values are a <em>threshold</em> of 0.3 or lower, and a <em>confidence</em> of 0.9 or higher. They are the defaults.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Recommended values are a <em>threshold</em> of 0.3 or lower, and a <em>confidence</em> of 0.9 or higher. They are the defaults.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The total number of rays shot per pixel is limited by the <code>Antialias_Depth=</code>n or <code>+R</code>n parameter. As with the other methods the parameter is limited to the range from 1 to 9, with the actual maximum number of rays per pixel being 4<sup>n</sup>.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The total number of rays shot per pixel is limited by the <code>Antialias_Depth=</code>n or <code>+R</code>n parameter. As with the other methods the parameter is limited to the range from 1 to 9, with the actual maximum number of rays per pixel being 4<sup>n</sup>.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>By default, the sub-pixel jittering is different for each render, thus giving slightly different results, with the intent that multiple renders can be averaged to get a higher-quality image. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">To </del>produce exactly the same output each time<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, use the <code>Stochastic_Seed=</code>n or <code>+SS</code>n option</del>.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>By default, the sub-pixel jittering is different for each render, thus giving slightly different results, with the intent that multiple renders can be averaged to get a higher-quality image. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Conversely you can </ins>produce exactly the same output each time. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">See also: [[Reference:Tracing Options#Stochastic Seed|Stochastic Seed]]</ins></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jitter sequence is also affected by the actual image content, and will thus always differ between the frames of an animation.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jitter sequence is also affected by the actual image content, and will thus always differ between the frames of an animation.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Since oversampling method 3 is a very generic adaptive oversampling algorithm, its performance in pure edge anti-aliasing is generally inferior to the other methods, however it is ideally suited to suppress random image noise created by other stochastic mechanisms, such as</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Since oversampling method 3 is a very generic adaptive oversampling algorithm, its performance in pure edge anti-aliasing is generally inferior to the other methods, however it is ideally suited to suppress random image noise created by other stochastic mechanisms, such as</div></td></tr>
</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9625&oldid=prevJholsenback: minor wording2018-09-23T13:13:42Z<p>minor wording</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:13, 23 September 2018</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Sampling Method 3===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Sampling Method 3===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><code>+AM3</code> is {{New}} in version 3.8 <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is </del>an adaptive, non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. This method repeatedly iterates over the pixels to be rendered, jittering each ray randomly within the pixel on each pass, while keeping track of statistical parameters such as average color and mean deviation. On subsequent passes, the algorithm ceases to over-sample pixels where the</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><code>+AM3</code> is {{New}} in version 3.8 <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and it's </ins>an adaptive, non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. This method repeatedly iterates over the pixels to be rendered, jittering each ray randomly within the pixel on each pass, while keeping track of statistical parameters such as average color and mean deviation. On subsequent passes, the algorithm ceases to over-sample pixels where the</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>statistical parameters for the pixel itself and its immediate four neighbors indicate that the result is <em>probably</em> good enough.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>statistical parameters for the pixel itself and its immediate four neighbors indicate that the result is <em>probably</em> good enough.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>What constitutes <em>probably</em> good enough is determined by a <em>confidence</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Confidence=</code>n.n or <code>+AC</code>n.n option, as well as a <em>threshold</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code>n.n or <code>+A</code>n.n option.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>What constitutes <em>probably</em> good enough is determined by a <em>confidence</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Confidence=</code>n.n or <code>+AC</code>n.n option, as well as a <em>threshold</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code>n.n or <code>+A</code>n.n option.</p></div></td></tr>
</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9622&oldid=prevClipka: /* Anti-Aliasing Options */ Add sub-headings2018-09-23T12:34:54Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Anti-Aliasing Options: </span> Add sub-headings</span></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:34, 23 September 2018</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l529" >Line 529:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>When anti-aliasing is turned on, POV-Ray attempts to reduce the errors by shooting more than one viewing ray into each pixel and averaging the results to determine the pixel's apparent color. This technique is called super-sampling and can improve the appearance of the final image but it drastically increases the time required to render a scene since many more calculations have to be done.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>When anti-aliasing is turned on, POV-Ray attempts to reduce the errors by shooting more than one viewing ray into each pixel and averaging the results to determine the pixel's apparent color. This technique is called super-sampling and can improve the appearance of the final image but it drastically increases the time required to render a scene since many more calculations have to be done.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>POV-Ray gives you the option to use one of three sampling methods. Two alternate super-sampling methods and one over-sampling method. The <code>Sampling_Method=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+AM</code><em>n</em> option selects either type <code>1</code>, type <code>2</code> or type <code>3</code>. Selecting one of those methods does not turn on anti-aliasing. This has to be done by using the <code>+A</code> command line option or <code>Antialias=on</code> option.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>POV-Ray gives you the option to use one of three sampling methods. Two alternate super-sampling methods and one over-sampling method. The <code>Sampling_Method=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+AM</code><em>n</em> option selects either type <code>1</code>, type <code>2</code> or type <code>3</code>. Selecting one of those methods does not turn on anti-aliasing. This has to be done by using the <code>+A</code> command line option or <code>Antialias=on</code> option.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><p><em></del>Sampling Methods Synopsis<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">...</em></p></del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===</ins>Sampling Methods Synopsis<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <li>Type 1: an adaptive non-recursive super-sampling method. It is <em>adaptive</em> because not every pixel is super-sampled</li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <li>Type 1: an adaptive non-recursive super-sampling method. It is <em>adaptive</em> because not every pixel is super-sampled</li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l535" >Line 535:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <li>Type 3: an adaptive non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. The <em>adaptive</em> nature of type 3 is <em>confidence</em> and <em>threshold</em></li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <li>Type 3: an adaptive non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. The <em>adaptive</em> nature of type 3 is <em>confidence</em> and <em>threshold</em></li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><p><em></del>Sampling <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Methods Detailed...</em></p></del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><strong>Type 1</strong</del>> <code>+AM1</code> is an adaptive non-recursive method. If anti-aliasing is enabled it is the default. POV-Ray initially traces one ray per pixel. If the color of a pixel differs from its neighbors (to the left or above) by at least the set threshold value then the pixel is super-sampled by shooting a given, fixed number of additional rays. The default threshold is 0.3 but it may be changed using the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code><em>n.n</em> option. When the switches are used, the threshold may optionally follow the <code>+A</code>. For example <code>+A0.1</code> turns anti-aliasing on and sets the threshold to 0.1.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===</ins>Sampling <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Method 1===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><code>+AM1</code> is an adaptive non-recursive method. If anti-aliasing is enabled it is the default. POV-Ray initially traces one ray per pixel. If the color of a pixel differs from its neighbors (to the left or above) by at least the set threshold value then the pixel is super-sampled by shooting a given, fixed number of additional rays. The default threshold is 0.3 but it may be changed using the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code><em>n.n</em> option. When the switches are used, the threshold may optionally follow the <code>+A</code>. For example <code>+A0.1</code> turns anti-aliasing on and sets the threshold to 0.1.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The threshold comparison is computed as follows. If r1, g1, b1 and r2, g2, b2 are the rgb components of two pixels then the difference between pixels is computed by</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The threshold comparison is computed as follows. If r1, g1, b1 and r2, g2, b2 are the rgb components of two pixels then the difference between pixels is computed by</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l545" >Line 545:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 547:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Antialias_Depth=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+R</code><em>n</em> option controls the number of rows and columns of samples taken for a super-sampled pixel. For example <code>+R4</code> would give 4*4=16 samples per pixel.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Antialias_Depth=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+R</code><em>n</em> option controls the number of rows and columns of samples taken for a super-sampled pixel. For example <code>+R4</code> would give 4*4=16 samples per pixel.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><strong>Type 2</strong</del>> <code>+AM2</code> is an adaptive, recursive super-sampling method. It starts by tracing four rays at the corners of each pixel. If the resulting colors differ more than the threshold amount additional samples will be taken. This is done recursively, i.e. the pixel is divided into four sub-pixels that are separately traced and tested for further subdivision. The advantage of this method is the reduced number of rays that have to be traced. Samples that are common among adjacent pixels and sub-pixels are stored and reused to avoid re-tracing of rays. The recursive character of this method makes the super-sampling concentrate on those parts of the pixel that are more likely to need super-sampling (see figure below).</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===Sampling Method 2===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><code>+AM2</code> is an adaptive, recursive super-sampling method. It starts by tracing four rays at the corners of each pixel. If the resulting colors differ more than the threshold amount additional samples will be taken. This is done recursively, i.e. the pixel is divided into four sub-pixels that are separately traced and tested for further subdivision. The advantage of this method is the reduced number of rays that have to be traced. Samples that are common among adjacent pixels and sub-pixels are stored and reused to avoid re-tracing of rays. The recursive character of this method makes the super-sampling concentrate on those parts of the pixel that are more likely to need super-sampling (see figure below).</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><table class="centered" width="622px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><table class="centered" width="622px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l618" >Line 618:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 621:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The maximum number of samples in the recursive case is hardly ever reached for a given pixel. If the recursive method is used and the anti-aliasing threshold is not reached, each pixel will be the average of the rays traced at its corners. In others words, you get the average of those four pixels with no further sub-sampling. In most cases a recursion level of three is sufficient.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The maximum number of samples in the recursive case is hardly ever reached for a given pixel. If the recursive method is used and the anti-aliasing threshold is not reached, each pixel will be the average of the rays traced at its corners. In others words, you get the average of those four pixels with no further sub-sampling. In most cases a recursion level of three is sufficient.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><strong>Type 3</strong</del>> <code>+AM3</code> is {{New}} in version 3.8 is an adaptive, non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. This method repeatedly iterates over the pixels to be rendered, jittering each ray randomly within the pixel on each pass, while keeping track of statistical parameters such as average color and mean deviation. On subsequent passes, the algorithm ceases to over-sample pixels where the</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===Sampling Method 3===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><code>+AM3</code> is {{New}} in version 3.8 is an adaptive, non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. This method repeatedly iterates over the pixels to be rendered, jittering each ray randomly within the pixel on each pass, while keeping track of statistical parameters such as average color and mean deviation. On subsequent passes, the algorithm ceases to over-sample pixels where the</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>statistical parameters for the pixel itself and its immediate four neighbors indicate that the result is <em>probably</em> good enough.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>statistical parameters for the pixel itself and its immediate four neighbors indicate that the result is <em>probably</em> good enough.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>What constitutes <em>probably</em> good enough is determined by a <em>confidence</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Confidence=</code>n.n or <code>+AC</code>n.n option, as well as a <em>threshold</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code>n.n or <code>+A</code>n.n option.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>What constitutes <em>probably</em> good enough is determined by a <em>confidence</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Confidence=</code>n.n or <code>+AC</code>n.n option, as well as a <em>threshold</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code>n.n or <code>+A</code>n.n option.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l629" >Line 629:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 633:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>jittered area lights, subsurface light transport, or micro-normals based blurred reflections. It has also proven well-suited for eliminating moir&eacute; patterns.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>jittered area lights, subsurface light transport, or micro-normals based blurred reflections. It has also proven well-suited for eliminating moir&eacute; patterns.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">===Common Properties===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Another way to reduce anti-aliasing artifacts is to introduce noise into the sampling process. This is called <em>jittering</em> and works because the human visual system is much more forgiving to noise than it is to regular patterns. It is <em>inherent</em> to anti-aliasing method 3 because it <em>always</em> uses a constant amount of jitter. When using one of the other methods the location of the super-samples is also jittered or wiggled a tiny amount by default. Alternately it may be turned off with the <code>Jitter=off</code> option or <code>-J</code> option. The amount of jittering can be set with the <code>Jitter_Amount=</code>n.n option. When using those options the jitter scale may be specified after the <code>+J</code>n.n option. For example <code>+J0.5</code> uses half the normal jitter. The default amount of 1.0 is the maximum jitter which will insure that all super-samples remain inside the original pixel. </p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Another way to reduce anti-aliasing artifacts is to introduce noise into the sampling process. This is called <em>jittering</em> and works because the human visual system is much more forgiving to noise than it is to regular patterns. It is <em>inherent</em> to anti-aliasing method 3 because it <em>always</em> uses a constant amount of jitter. When using one of the other methods the location of the super-samples is also jittered or wiggled a tiny amount by default. Alternately it may be turned off with the <code>Jitter=off</code> option or <code>-J</code> option. The amount of jittering can be set with the <code>Jitter_Amount=</code>n.n option. When using those options the jitter scale may be specified after the <code>+J</code>n.n option. For example <code>+J0.5</code> uses half the normal jitter. The default amount of 1.0 is the maximum jitter which will insure that all super-samples remain inside the original pixel. </p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jittering noise is random and non-repeatable so you should avoid using jitter in animation sequences as the anti-aliased pixels will vary and flicker annoyingly from frame to frame.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jittering noise is random and non-repeatable so you should avoid using jitter in animation sequences as the anti-aliased pixels will vary and flicker annoyingly from frame to frame.</p></div></td></tr>
</table>Clipkahttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9621&oldid=prevJholsenback: sheesh2018-09-23T12:12:59Z<p>sheesh</p>
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</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l545" >Line 545:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Antialias_Depth=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+R</code><em>n</em> option controls the number of rows and columns of samples taken for a super-sampled pixel. For example <code>+R4</code> would give 4*4=16 samples per pixel.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Antialias_Depth=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+R</code><em>n</em> option controls the number of rows and columns of samples taken for a super-sampled pixel. For example <code>+R4</code> would give 4*4=16 samples per pixel.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 2</strong> <code>+AM2</code> is an adaptive, recursive super-sampling method starts by tracing four rays at the corners of each pixel. If the resulting colors differ more than the threshold amount additional samples will be taken. This is done recursively, i.e. the pixel is divided into four sub-pixels that are separately traced and tested for further subdivision. The advantage of this method is the reduced number of rays that have to be traced. Samples that are common among adjacent pixels and sub-pixels are stored and reused to avoid re-tracing of rays. The recursive character of this method makes the super-sampling concentrate on those parts of the pixel that are more likely to need super-sampling (see figure below).</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 2</strong> <code>+AM2</code> is an adaptive, recursive super-sampling method<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. It </ins>starts by tracing four rays at the corners of each pixel. If the resulting colors differ more than the threshold amount additional samples will be taken. This is done recursively, i.e. the pixel is divided into four sub-pixels that are separately traced and tested for further subdivision. The advantage of this method is the reduced number of rays that have to be traced. Samples that are common among adjacent pixels and sub-pixels are stored and reused to avoid re-tracing of rays. The recursive character of this method makes the super-sampling concentrate on those parts of the pixel that are more likely to need super-sampling (see figure below).</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><table class="centered" width="622px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><table class="centered" width="622px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"></div></td></tr>
</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9620&oldid=prevJholsenback: consistency2018-09-23T12:11:08Z<p>consistency</p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:11, 23 September 2018</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l536" >Line 536:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><em>Sampling Methods Detailed...</em></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><em>Sampling Methods Detailed...</em></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 1</strong> <code>+AM1</code> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </del>adaptive non-recursive method <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">an if </del>anti-aliasing is enabled it is the default. POV-Ray initially traces one ray per pixel. If the color of a pixel differs from its neighbors (to the left or above) by at least the set threshold value then the pixel is super-sampled by shooting a given, fixed number of additional rays. The default threshold is 0.3 but it may be changed using the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code><em>n.n</em> option. When the switches are used, the threshold may optionally follow the <code>+A</code>. For example <code>+A0.1</code> turns anti-aliasing on and sets the threshold to 0.1.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 1</strong> <code>+AM1</code> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is an </ins>adaptive non-recursive method<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. If </ins>anti-aliasing is enabled it is the default. POV-Ray initially traces one ray per pixel. If the color of a pixel differs from its neighbors (to the left or above) by at least the set threshold value then the pixel is super-sampled by shooting a given, fixed number of additional rays. The default threshold is 0.3 but it may be changed using the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code><em>n.n</em> option. When the switches are used, the threshold may optionally follow the <code>+A</code>. For example <code>+A0.1</code> turns anti-aliasing on and sets the threshold to 0.1.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The threshold comparison is computed as follows. If r1, g1, b1 and r2, g2, b2 are the rgb components of two pixels then the difference between pixels is computed by</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The threshold comparison is computed as follows. If r1, g1, b1 and r2, g2, b2 are the rgb components of two pixels then the difference between pixels is computed by</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l545" >Line 545:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 545:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Antialias_Depth=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+R</code><em>n</em> option controls the number of rows and columns of samples taken for a super-sampled pixel. For example <code>+R4</code> would give 4*4=16 samples per pixel.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Antialias_Depth=</code><em>n</em> option or <code>+R</code><em>n</em> option controls the number of rows and columns of samples taken for a super-sampled pixel. For example <code>+R4</code> would give 4*4=16 samples per pixel.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 2</strong> <code>+AM2</code> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </del>adaptive, recursive super-sampling method starts by tracing four rays at the corners of each pixel. If the resulting colors differ more than the threshold amount additional samples will be taken. This is done recursively, i.e. the pixel is divided into four sub-pixels that are separately traced and tested for further subdivision. The advantage of this method is the reduced number of rays that have to be traced. Samples that are common among adjacent pixels and sub-pixels are stored and reused to avoid re-tracing of rays. The recursive character of this method makes the super-sampling concentrate on those parts of the pixel that are more likely to need super-sampling (see figure below).</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 2</strong> <code>+AM2</code> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is an </ins>adaptive, recursive super-sampling method starts by tracing four rays at the corners of each pixel. If the resulting colors differ more than the threshold amount additional samples will be taken. This is done recursively, i.e. the pixel is divided into four sub-pixels that are separately traced and tested for further subdivision. The advantage of this method is the reduced number of rays that have to be traced. Samples that are common among adjacent pixels and sub-pixels are stored and reused to avoid re-tracing of rays. The recursive character of this method makes the super-sampling concentrate on those parts of the pixel that are more likely to need super-sampling (see figure below).</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><table class="centered" width="622px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><table class="centered" width="622px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l618" >Line 618:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 618:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The maximum number of samples in the recursive case is hardly ever reached for a given pixel. If the recursive method is used and the anti-aliasing threshold is not reached, each pixel will be the average of the rays traced at its corners. In others words, you get the average of those four pixels with no further sub-sampling. In most cases a recursion level of three is sufficient.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The maximum number of samples in the recursive case is hardly ever reached for a given pixel. If the recursive method is used and the anti-aliasing threshold is not reached, each pixel will be the average of the rays traced at its corners. In others words, you get the average of those four pixels with no further sub-sampling. In most cases a recursion level of three is sufficient.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 3</strong> <code>+AM3</code> is {{New}} in version 3.8 <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and it </del>is <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </del>adaptive, non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. This method repeatedly iterates over the pixels to be rendered, jittering each ray randomly within the pixel on each pass, while keeping track of statistical parameters such as average color and mean deviation. On subsequent passes, the algorithm ceases to over-sample pixels where the</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 3</strong> <code>+AM3</code> is {{New}} in version 3.8 is <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">an </ins>adaptive, non-recursive stochastic oversampling method. This method repeatedly iterates over the pixels to be rendered, jittering each ray randomly within the pixel on each pass, while keeping track of statistical parameters such as average color and mean deviation. On subsequent passes, the algorithm ceases to over-sample pixels where the</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>statistical parameters for the pixel itself and its immediate four neighbors indicate that the result is <em>probably</em> good enough.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>statistical parameters for the pixel itself and its immediate four neighbors indicate that the result is <em>probably</em> good enough.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>What constitutes <em>probably</em> good enough is determined by a <em>confidence</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Confidence=</code>n.n or <code>+AC</code>n.n option, as well as a <em>threshold</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code>n.n or <code>+A</code>n.n option.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>What constitutes <em>probably</em> good enough is determined by a <em>confidence</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Confidence=</code>n.n or <code>+AC</code>n.n option, as well as a <em>threshold</em> parameter specified by the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code>n.n or <code>+A</code>n.n option.</p></div></td></tr>
</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9619&oldid=prevJholsenback: wording2018-09-23T11:31:47Z<p>wording</p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-content" />
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 11:31, 23 September 2018</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l634" >Line 634:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>As the human eye is more sensitive to absolute brightness differences at a low overall brigtness than at higher ones, super-sampling based on linear light intensity differences would yield either poor anti-aliasing in darker regions, or unnecessary super-sampling in brighter regions of the image. To avoid this, POV-Ray compares <em>gamma-adjusted</em> values instead.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>As the human eye is more sensitive to absolute brightness differences at a low overall brigtness than at higher ones, super-sampling based on linear light intensity differences would yield either poor anti-aliasing in darker regions, or unnecessary super-sampling in brighter regions of the image. To avoid this, POV-Ray compares <em>gamma-adjusted</em> values instead.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> This only affects the comparison operation. The averaging of the super-samples is done in whatever <em>working color space</em> is specified in the scene file via the <code>assumed_gamma</code> keyword.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> This only affects the comparison operation. The averaging of the super-samples is done in whatever <em>working color space</em> is specified in the scene file via the <code>assumed_gamma</code> keyword.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The <code>Antialias_Gamma=</code>n.n command line option or <code>+AG</code>n.n sets the gamma to apply before comparison. The default is 2.5. This value is actually the inverse of the gamma applied, in order to use the same value range as the display and file gamma settings. If the image contains an alpha channel, that channel will also be considered in the comparisons, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pretty much </del>like the color channels, except that unlike the other channels it is <em>not</em> subject to <code>Antialias_Gamma</code>. Neutral behavior can be achieved using <code>Antialias_Gamma=1.0</code></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The <code>Antialias_Gamma=</code>n.n command line option or <code>+AG</code>n.n sets the gamma to apply before comparison. The default is 2.5. This value is actually the inverse of the gamma applied, in order to use the same value range as the display and file gamma settings. If the image contains an alpha channel, that channel will <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><em></ins>also<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></em> </ins>be considered in the comparisons, like the color channels, except that unlike the other channels it is <em>not</em> subject to <code>Antialias_Gamma</code>. Neutral behavior can be achieved using <code>Antialias_Gamma=1.0</code></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The <code>[[Reference:Camera#Mesh projection|mesh_camera]]</code> feature added in version 3.7 also makes extreme super-sampling possible. See the distribution file <code>~scenes/camera/mesh_camera/ess/README.txt</code> for additional information.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The <code>[[Reference:Camera#Mesh projection|mesh_camera]]</code> feature added in version 3.7 also makes extreme super-sampling possible. See the distribution file <code>~scenes/camera/mesh_camera/ess/README.txt</code> for additional information.</p></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9618&oldid=prevJholsenback: ugh2018-09-23T11:11:34Z<p>ugh</p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><tr></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><tr></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td width="30%"><code>Stochastic_Seed=</code>n{{#indexentry:Stochastic_Seed, ini-option}}</td></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td width="30%"><code>Stochastic_Seed=</code>n{{#indexentry:Stochastic_Seed, ini-option}}</td></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td width="70%"><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Set's </del>a value for the stochastic seed {{New}} in version 3.8</td></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><td width="70%"><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Sets </ins>a value for the stochastic seed {{New}} in version 3.8</td></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></tr></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></tr></div></td></tr>
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</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9617&oldid=prevJholsenback: cleanup and clarifications2018-09-23T11:10:47Z<p>cleanup and clarifications</p>
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</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l536" >Line 536:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><em>Sampling Methods Detailed...</em></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><em>Sampling Methods Detailed...</em></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 1</strong> <code>+AM1</code> the adaptive non-recursive method is the default. POV-Ray initially traces one ray per pixel. If the color of a pixel differs from its neighbors (to the left or above) by at least the set threshold value then the pixel is super-sampled by shooting a given, fixed number of additional rays. The default threshold is 0.3 but it may be changed using the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code><em>n.n</em> option. When the switches are used, the threshold may optionally follow the <code>+A</code>. For example <code>+A0.1</code> turns anti-aliasing on and sets the threshold to 0.1.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Type 1</strong> <code>+AM1</code> the adaptive non-recursive method <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">an if anti-aliasing is enabled it </ins>is the default. POV-Ray initially traces one ray per pixel. If the color of a pixel differs from its neighbors (to the left or above) by at least the set threshold value then the pixel is super-sampled by shooting a given, fixed number of additional rays. The default threshold is 0.3 but it may be changed using the <code>Antialias_Threshold=</code><em>n.n</em> option. When the switches are used, the threshold may optionally follow the <code>+A</code>. For example <code>+A0.1</code> turns anti-aliasing on and sets the threshold to 0.1.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The threshold comparison is computed as follows. If r1, g1, b1 and r2, g2, b2 are the rgb components of two pixels then the difference between pixels is computed by</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The threshold comparison is computed as follows. If r1, g1, b1 and r2, g2, b2 are the rgb components of two pixels then the difference between pixels is computed by</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><pre></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l623" >Line 623:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The <em>threshold</em> determines what absolute sampling error (i.e. difference between the computed pixel color and the theoretically correct one) you consider acceptable, while the <em>confidence</em> specifies how sure you want to be that a pixel that <em>seems</em> acceptable actually <em>is</em> acceptable. In effect, this determines how many pixels in the resulting image <em>will</em> indeed be acceptable. For example, if you specify a confidence of 0.95, then you can expect approximately 95% of all pixels to be within the threshold, as compared to a theoretically correct image. Of the remaining ones, many will be off by slightly more than the threshold, while only few will be significantly off. Extreme outlines are possible but extremely unlikely.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The <em>threshold</em> determines what absolute sampling error (i.e. difference between the computed pixel color and the theoretically correct one) you consider acceptable, while the <em>confidence</em> specifies how sure you want to be that a pixel that <em>seems</em> acceptable actually <em>is</em> acceptable. In effect, this determines how many pixels in the resulting image <em>will</em> indeed be acceptable. For example, if you specify a confidence of 0.95, then you can expect approximately 95% of all pixels to be within the threshold, as compared to a theoretically correct image. Of the remaining ones, many will be off by slightly more than the threshold, while only few will be significantly off. Extreme outlines are possible but extremely unlikely.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Recommended values are a <em>threshold</em> of 0.3 or lower, and a <em>confidence</em> of 0.9 or higher. They are the defaults.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Recommended values are a <em>threshold</em> of 0.3 or lower, and a <em>confidence</em> of 0.9 or higher. They are the defaults.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The total number of rays shot per pixel is limited by the <code>Antialias_Depth=</code>n or <code>+R</code>n parameter. As with the other methods the parameter is limited to the range from 1 to 9, with the actual maximum number of rays per pixel being 4<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">^</del>n.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The total number of rays shot per pixel is limited by the <code>Antialias_Depth=</code>n or <code>+R</code>n parameter. As with the other methods the parameter is limited to the range from 1 to 9, with the actual maximum number of rays per pixel being 4<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><sup></ins>n<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></sup></ins>.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>By default, the sub-pixel jittering is different for each render, thus giving slightly different results, with the intent that multiple renders can be averaged to get a higher-quality image. To produce exactly the same output each time, use the <code>Stochastic_Seed=</code>n or <code>+SS</code>n option.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>By default, the sub-pixel jittering is different for each render, thus giving slightly different results, with the intent that multiple renders can be averaged to get a higher-quality image. To produce exactly the same output each time, use the <code>Stochastic_Seed=</code>n or <code>+SS</code>n option.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jitter sequence is also affected by the actual image content, and will thus always differ between the frames of an animation.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jitter sequence is also affected by the actual image content, and will thus always differ between the frames of an animation.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Since oversampling method 3 is a very generic adaptive oversampling algorithm, its performance in pure edge anti-aliasing is generally inferior to the other methods, however it is ideally suited to suppress random image noise created by other stochastic mechanisms, such as</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Since oversampling method 3 is a very generic adaptive oversampling algorithm, its performance in pure edge anti-aliasing is generally inferior to the other methods, however it is ideally suited to suppress random image noise created by other stochastic mechanisms, such as</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>jittered area lights, subsurface light transport, or micro-normals based blurred reflections. It has also proven well-suited for eliminating <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">moire </del>patterns.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>jittered area lights, subsurface light transport, or micro-normals based blurred reflections. It has also proven well-suited for eliminating <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">moir&eacute; </ins>patterns.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">With <em>all</em> methods another </del>way to reduce anti-aliasing artifacts is to introduce noise into the sampling process. This is called <em>jittering</em> and works because the human visual system is much more forgiving to noise than it is to regular patterns. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The </del>location of the super-samples is jittered or wiggled a tiny amount <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">when anti-aliasing is used. Jittering is used </del>by default <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">but </del>it may be turned off with the <code>Jitter=off</code> option or <code>-J</code> option. The amount of jittering can be set with the <code>Jitter_Amount=</code>n.n option. When using <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">switches </del>the jitter scale may be specified after the <code>+J</code>n.n option. For example <code>+J0.5</code> uses half the normal jitter. The default amount of 1.0 is the maximum jitter which will insure that all super-samples remain inside the original pixel. </p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Another </ins>way to reduce anti-aliasing artifacts is to introduce noise into the sampling process. This is called <em>jittering</em> and works because the human visual system is much more forgiving to noise than it is to regular patterns. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">It is <em>inherent</em> to anti-aliasing method 3 because it <em>always</em> uses a constant amount of jitter. When using one of the other methods the </ins>location of the super-samples is <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">also </ins>jittered or wiggled a tiny amount by default<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. Alternately </ins>it may be turned off with the <code>Jitter=off</code> option or <code>-J</code> option. The amount of jittering can be set with the <code>Jitter_Amount=</code>n.n option. When using <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">those options </ins>the jitter scale may be specified after the <code>+J</code>n.n option. For example <code>+J0.5</code> uses half the normal jitter. The default amount of 1.0 is the maximum jitter which will insure that all super-samples remain inside the original pixel. </p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jittering noise is random and non-repeatable so you should avoid using jitter in animation sequences as the anti-aliased pixels will vary and flicker annoyingly from frame to frame.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The jittering noise is random and non-repeatable so you should avoid using jitter in animation sequences as the anti-aliased pixels will vary and flicker annoyingly from frame to frame.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>If anti-aliasing is not used one sample per pixel is taken regardless of the super-sampling method specified.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>If anti-aliasing is not used one sample per pixel is taken regardless of the super-sampling method specified.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>As the human eye is more sensitive to absolute brightness differences at a low overall brigtness than at higher ones, super-sampling based on linear light intensity differences would yield either poor anti-aliasing in darker regions, or unnecessary super-sampling in brighter regions of the image. To avoid this, POV-Ray compares <em>gamma-adjusted</em> values instead.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>As the human eye is more sensitive to absolute brightness differences at a low overall brigtness than at higher ones, super-sampling based on linear light intensity differences would yield either poor anti-aliasing in darker regions, or unnecessary super-sampling in brighter regions of the image. To avoid this, POV-Ray compares <em>gamma-adjusted</em> values instead.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> This only affects the comparison operation. The averaging of the super-samples is done in whatever <em>working color space</em> is specified in the scene file via the <code>assumed_gamma</code> keyword.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> This only affects the comparison operation. The averaging of the super-samples is done in whatever <em>working color space</em> is specified in the scene file via the <code>assumed_gamma</code> keyword.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The <code>Antialias_Gamma=</code>n.n command line option or <code>+AG</code>n.n sets the gamma to apply before comparison. The default is 2.5. This value is actually the inverse of the gamma applied, in order to use the same value range as the display and file gamma settings. Neutral behavior can be achieved using <code>Antialias_Gamma=1.0</code></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The <code>Antialias_Gamma=</code>n.n command line option or <code>+AG</code>n.n sets the gamma to apply before comparison. The default is 2.5. This value is actually the inverse of the gamma applied, in order to use the same value range as the display and file gamma settings<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. If the image contains an alpha channel, that channel will also be considered in the comparisons, pretty much like the color channels, except that unlike the other channels it is <em>not</em> subject to <code>Antialias_Gamma</code></ins>. Neutral behavior can be achieved using <code>Antialias_Gamma=1.0</code></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The <code>[[Reference:Camera#Mesh projection|mesh_camera]]</code> feature added in version 3.7 also makes extreme super-sampling possible. See the distribution file <code>~scenes/camera/mesh_camera/ess/README.txt</code> for additional information.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p class="Note"><strong>Note:</strong> The <code>[[Reference:Camera#Mesh projection|mesh_camera]]</code> feature added in version 3.7 also makes extreme super-sampling possible. See the distribution file <code>~scenes/camera/mesh_camera/ess/README.txt</code> for additional information.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
</table>Jholsenbackhttps://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9616&oldid=prevJholsenback: general cleanup added some visual cues last of AM3 additions2018-09-22T22:21:45Z<p>general cleanup added some visual cues last of AM3 additions</p>
<a href="https://wiki.povray.org/content?title=Reference:Tracing_Options&diff=9616&oldid=9615">Show changes</a>Jholsenback