Documentation:Tutorial Table of Contents

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Main Table of Contents

POV-Ray Reference

Introduction

• Program Description
• What is Ray-Tracing?
• What is POV-Ray?
• Features

• Changes and New Features Summary

• Version 3.8
• Version 3.7

• Trademarks
• The Early History of POV-Ray

• The Original Creation Message
• The Name
• A Historic 'Version History'

• How Do I Begin?
• Notation and Basic Assumptions

Getting Started

• Our First Image

• Understanding POV-Ray's Coordinate System
• Adding Standard Include Files
• Adding a Camera
• Describing an Object
• Adding Texture to an Object
• Defining a Light Source

• Basic Shapes

• Box Object
• Cone Object
• Cylinder Object
• Plane Object
• Torus Object

• CSG Objects

• What is CSG?
• CSG Union
• CSG Intersection
• CSG Difference
• CSG Merge
• CSG Pitfalls

• Co-incident Surfaces

• The Light Source

• The Pointlight Source
• The Spotlight Source
• The Cylindrical Light Source
• The Area Light Source
• The Ambient Light Source
• Light Source Specials

• Using Shadowless Lights
• Assigning an Object to a Light Source
• Using Light Fading

• Simple Texture Options

• Surface Finishes
• Adding Bumpiness
• Creating Color Patterns
• Pre-defined Textures

• Using the Camera

• Using Focal Blur

• POV-Ray Coordinate System

• Transformations

• Translate
• Scale
• Rotate
• Matrix

• Transformation Order
• Inverse Transform
• Transform Identifiers
• Transforming Textures and Objects

• Setting POV-Ray Options

• Command Line Switches
• Using INI Files
• Using the POVINI Environment Variable

Advanced Features

• Spline Based Shapes

• Lathe Object

• Understanding The Concept of Splines

• Surface of Revolution Object
• Prism Object

• Teaching An Old Spline New Tricks
• Smooth Transitions
• Multiple Sub-Shapes
• Conic Sweeps And The Tapering Effect

• Sphere Sweep Object
• Bicubic Patch Object
• Text Object

• Polygon Based Shapes

• Mesh Object
• Mesh2 Object

• Smooth triangles and mesh2
• UV mapping and mesh2
• A separate texture per triangle

• Polygon Object

• Other Shapes

• Blob Object

• Component Types and Other New Features
• Complex Blob Constructs and Negative Strength

• Height Field Object
• Isosurface Object

• Simple functions
• Several surfaces
• Non-linear functions
• Specifying functions
• Internal functions
• Combining isosurface functions
• Noise and pigment functions
• Conditional directives and loops
• Transformations on functions
• Improving Isosurface Speed

• Poly Object

• Creating the polynomial function
• Writing the polynomial vector
• Polynomial made easy

• Superquadric Ellipsoid Object

• Gamma Handling

• Setting Up Your Display
• Setting Up POV-Ray
• Gamma in Output Images
• Setting Up Your Scene
• Gamma in Literal Colors
• Gamma in Input Images
• Gamma in Legacy Scenes

• Advanced Texture Options

• Pigments

• Using Color List Pigments
• Using Pigment and Patterns
• Using Pattern Modifiers
• Using Transparent Pigments and Layered Textures
• Using Pigment Maps

• Normals

• Using Basic Normal Modifiers
• Blending Normals
• Slope Map Tutorial

• Slopes, what are they?
• Syntax of a slope map
• Examples of slope maps

• Finishes

• Using Ambient
• Using Emission
• Using Surface Highlights
• Using Reflection, Metallic and Metallic
• Using Iridescence

• Working With Pigment Maps
• Working With Normal Maps
• Working With Texture Maps
• Working With List Textures
• What About Tiles?
• Average Function
• Working With Layered Textures

• Declaring Layered Textures
• Another Layered Textures Example

• When All Else Fails: Material Maps
• Limitations Of Special Textures

• Using Atmospheric Effects

• The Background
• The Sky Sphere

• Creating a Sky with a Color Gradient
• Adding the Sun
• Adding Some Clouds

• The Fog

• A Constant Fog
• Setting a Minimum Translucency
• Creating a Filtering Fog
• Adding Some Turbulence to the Fog
• Using Ground Fog
• Using Multiple Layers of Fog
• Fog and Hollow Objects

• The Rainbow

• Starting With a Simple Rainbow
• Increasing the Rainbow's Translucency
• Using a Rainbow Arc

• Simple Media Tutorial

• Types of media
• Some media concepts
• Simple media examples

• Emitting media
• Absorbing media
• Scattering media

• Multiple medias inside the same object
• Media and transformations
• A more advanced example of scattering media
• Media and photons

• Radiosity

• Introduction
• Radiosity with conventional lighting
• Radiosity without conventional lighting
• Normals and Radiosity
• Performance considerations

• Making Animations

• The Clock Variable: Key To It All
• Clock Dependant Variables And Multi-Stage Animations
• The Phase Keyword
• Do Not Use Jitter Or Crand
• INI File Settings

• While-loop tutorial

• What a while-loop is and what it is not
• How does a single while-loop work?
• How do I make a while-loop?
• What is a condition and how do I make one?
• What about loop types other than simple for-loops?
• What about nested loops?
• Mixed-type nested loops
• Other things to note

• SDL tutorial: A raytracer

• Introduction
• The idea and the code
• Short introduction to raytracing
• Global settings
• Scene definition
• Initializing the raytracer
• Ray-sphere intersection

• Inner workings of a macro
• The ray-sphere intersection macro

• The Trace macro

• Calculating the closest intersection
• If the ray doesn't hit anything
• Initializing color calculations
• Going through the light sources
• Shadow test
• Diffuse lighting
• Specular lighting
• Reflection Calculation

• Calculating the image
• Creating the colored mesh

• The structure of the mesh
• Creating the mesh
• Creating the vertex points
• Creating the textures
• Creating the triangles

• The Camera-setup

Appendices

• Contacting the Authors
• POV-Ray License
• Contact Information
• Support Library Licenses

• OpenEXR

• Citing POV-Ray in Academic Publications
• Contributors to POV-Ray
• Thanks
• What to do if you don't have POV-Ray

• Which Version of POV-Ray should you use?

• Microsoft Windows
• Apple Macintosh
• Linux/Unix
• All Versions

• Where to Find POV-Ray Files

• World Wide Website www.povray.org

• Suggested Reading

Main Table of Contents

POV-Ray Reference

This document is protected, so submissions, corrections and discussions should be held on this documents talk page.